The English language is full of quirks and inconsistencies, and one of the most enduring debates among language enthusiasts is the correct spelling of the number 40: is it “forty” or “fourty”? While it may seem like a trivial matter, the answer has significant implications for writers, editors, and language learners. In this article, we’ll delve into the history of the word, explore the arguments for both sides, and provide guidance on which spelling to use.
A Brief History of the Word
The word “forty” has its roots in Old English, where it was spelled “feor-tig” or “feor-ti.” This word was derived from the Proto-Germanic word “*fedwor-tigiz,” which was also the source of the Modern German word “vierzig.” Over time, the spelling of the word evolved, and by the 16th century, it had settled into its modern form: “forty.”
However, the alternative spelling “fourty” has also been in use for centuries. In fact, it was a common variant in the 17th and 18th centuries, particularly in American English. Despite its widespread use, “fourty” was never widely accepted as the standard spelling, and it has largely fallen out of favor in modern English.
The Case for “Forty”
So, why is “forty” the preferred spelling? There are several reasons:
- Etymology: As mentioned earlier, the word “forty” has its roots in Old English, and its spelling has evolved over time to reflect its Germanic origins. The spelling “forty” is more consistent with the word’s etymology.
- Consistency: “Forty” is the standard spelling used in most dictionaries, style guides, and language resources. Using this spelling helps to maintain consistency in writing and communication.
- Widespread use: “Forty” is the more commonly used spelling in modern English, and it is widely recognized and accepted by readers and writers.
The Case for “Fourty”
Despite the overwhelming evidence in favor of “forty,” there are some arguments to be made for “fourty”:
- Phonetic spelling: Some argue that “fourty” is a more phonetic spelling, as it reflects the word’s pronunciation more accurately. However, this argument is not unique to “fourty,” as many English words have silent letters or unusual pronunciations.
- Alternative spellings: English has a long history of alternative spellings, and “fourty” is just one example. However, alternative spellings are not always widely accepted or recognized.
Style Guides and Dictionaries
So, what do the style guides and dictionaries say? Here are a few examples:
- Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary: Lists “forty” as the preferred spelling, with “fourty” as a variant.
- The Chicago Manual of Style: Recommends using “forty” in all cases.
- The AP Stylebook: Also recommends using “forty” in all cases.
As you can see, the overwhelming consensus among style guides and dictionaries is to use the spelling “forty.”
When to Use “Fourty”
While “forty” is the preferred spelling, there may be some cases where “fourty” is acceptable:
- Historical or literary context: If you’re writing about a historical period or referencing a literary work that uses the spelling “fourty,” it may be acceptable to use this spelling for consistency and accuracy.
- Personal preference: If you’re writing for personal or creative purposes, you may choose to use the spelling “fourty” for stylistic or aesthetic reasons. However, be aware that this spelling may not be widely recognized or accepted.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while both “forty” and “fourty” have been used in English for centuries, the overwhelming evidence suggests that “forty” is the preferred spelling. With its roots in Old English, consistency in modern usage, and widespread recognition, “forty” is the spelling that should be used in most cases.
Whether you’re a writer, editor, or language learner, it’s essential to be aware of the correct spelling of this common word. By using the preferred spelling “forty,” you can ensure clarity, consistency, and accuracy in your writing.
| Spelling | Etymology | Consistency | Widespread use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forty | Old English “feor-tig” or “feor-ti” | Standard spelling in most dictionaries and style guides | More commonly used in modern English |
| Fourty | Alternative spelling with unclear origins | Not widely recognized or accepted | Less commonly used in modern English |
By following the guidance outlined in this article, you can ensure that your writing is accurate, consistent, and effective. Whether you’re writing for personal or professional purposes, using the correct spelling of “forty” is essential for clear and effective communication.
What is the correct spelling of the number 40?
The correct spelling of the number 40 is forty. This is the preferred spelling in both American and British English. The spelling “fourty” is often seen as a common misspelling, but it is not considered acceptable in formal writing or professional contexts.
In general, the preferred spelling of numbers in words is to use the standard spellings that are widely accepted in dictionaries and style guides. For the number 40, the standard spelling is “forty,” and this is the spelling that should be used in most contexts.
Why do some people spell it as fourty?
Some people may spell the number 40 as “fourty” due to a simple mistake or lack of knowledge about the correct spelling. This can be due to a variety of factors, such as a lack of education or exposure to the correct spelling. Additionally, some people may have learned the incorrect spelling from others or through informal writing.
It’s worth noting that the spelling “fourty” is not entirely uncommon, and it can be seen in some informal contexts, such as social media or text messages. However, in formal writing or professional contexts, it’s generally best to stick with the standard spelling of “forty” to avoid confusion or errors.
Is fourty an acceptable spelling in certain contexts?
While “fourty” is not considered an acceptable spelling in formal writing or professional contexts, it may be seen in certain informal contexts, such as social media or text messages. In these contexts, the spelling “fourty” may be used as a colloquialism or a shorthand way of writing the number 40.
However, it’s generally best to avoid using the spelling “fourty” in formal writing or professional contexts, as it can be seen as a mistake or a lack of attention to detail. In these contexts, it’s best to stick with the standard spelling of “forty” to ensure clarity and accuracy.
How do I know which spelling to use?
To determine which spelling to use, it’s generally best to consult a dictionary or style guide. Most dictionaries and style guides, such as the Oxford English Dictionary or the Chicago Manual of Style, recommend using the spelling “forty” for the number 40.
If you’re unsure about which spelling to use, it’s always best to err on the side of caution and use the standard spelling of “forty.” This will help ensure that your writing is clear, accurate, and professional.
Can I use fourty in creative writing?
While it’s generally best to avoid using the spelling “fourty” in formal writing or professional contexts, it may be acceptable to use it in certain creative writing contexts, such as fiction or poetry. In these contexts, the spelling “fourty” may be used as a stylistic choice or to create a certain tone or atmosphere.
However, it’s worth noting that even in creative writing, it’s generally best to use the standard spelling of “forty” unless there’s a specific reason to use the alternative spelling. Using the standard spelling will help ensure that your writing is clear and easy to understand.
Will using fourty affect my credibility?
Using the spelling “fourty” in formal writing or professional contexts can potentially affect your credibility, as it can be seen as a mistake or a lack of attention to detail. In these contexts, it’s generally best to use the standard spelling of “forty” to ensure that your writing is clear, accurate, and professional.
However, in informal contexts, such as social media or text messages, using the spelling “fourty” is unlikely to have a significant impact on your credibility. In these contexts, the spelling “fourty” may be seen as a colloquialism or a shorthand way of writing the number 40.
How can I avoid making this mistake in the future?
To avoid making the mistake of using the spelling “fourty” in the future, it’s a good idea to double-check your writing for spelling errors. You can also consult a dictionary or style guide to ensure that you’re using the correct spelling.
Additionally, it’s a good idea to proofread your writing carefully, especially in formal or professional contexts. This will help ensure that your writing is clear, accurate, and free of errors.